倒装句型归纳

从结构上讲，倒装句型可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种。全部倒装是是将整个谓语全部放在主语之前。部分倒装如果没有助动词，就加do,does或did。

一．全部倒装应用

1.用于”there be”句型中，例如：

There is no need to discuss the problem.

There appeared a man in the back..

There came a knock at the door.

There exists sth.

There are a lot of people in the hall.

Long long a go,there lived a king.

   2. 以there,here,now,then等引起的句子，谓语动词常用be,come,go等，如：

     Here are some books.

     Now comes your turn.

     Here comes the bus.

     [there/here/now/then+不及物动词+主语(名词）]

     注意：主语是人称代词时，主谓不必倒装，这种情况只发生在全部倒装的情况中。

     误：Here are you.  Here is it.

     正：Here you are.  Here it is.

     若在部分倒装中则如下：

     误：Seldom in all my life I have met such a determined person.

     正：Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.

   3.用于方位副词开头的句子中如：(in,out,away,off,up,down)

     Higher and higher floated the balloon,it appeared in the cloud.

     Out rushed the cat from under the bed.

     Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when the policemen pointed their pistols at him.

     There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat.

     Up went the arrow into the air.

     The door opened,in came a girl/in rushed the crowd.

     误：Down did the rain came.

     正：Down came the rain.

     注意：主语是代词，则主谓不倒装，此情况只发生在全部倒装中。如

     Away he went.

   4.用于表示地点的介词短语开头的句子中。

    On either side were rows of fruit trees.

    On the ground lay a cat.

    Behind him hung his picture taken on the Great Wall.

    Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers and toys.

    Outside the doctor’s clinic were several patients.

  5.用于“分词+表示地点的介词短语+动词+主语”的结构

   Hangingbehind the wall was an evening dress.

   Fastened on the line were lots of little banners.

   6.用于直接引语的句子中

     “This is the best film I’ve ever seen.”said Mary.

     “They must be in the fields now.”thought Mr Lee.

     注意：主语是人称代词，多不用倒装（指全部倒装中）。

     如：”What do you mean?”he asked.

二．部分倒装应用

1.       用于以so,neither,nor开头的句子中表示所述情况也适用于另一个人或物。

---David has made great progress recently.

---So have you.

I went there yesterday,so did he.

He doesn’t like bananas.Neither(或Nor)do I.

Our society has changed and so have the people in it.

另一种情况

The besieged enemy couldnot advance,nor/neither could they retreat.

The meal did cost much,neither/nor was it very good.

Television was not invented by any one person,nor did it spring into being overnight.

       She never laughed,nor did she ever lose her temper.

       如果只是重复前面一句话的意思，主语指同一人或同一物则不须倒装。

       ---It was cold yesterday.

       ---So it was.

       ---I thought the president was present at the conference.of “Saving the earth”.

       ---So he was.(的确是这样).

       I asked him to do it,and so he did.

2.用于否定副词，连词，含否定意义的短语或否定从句置于句首的句子。

 (little,never,neverbefore,hardly,barely,rarely,scarcely,seldom,by no means决不，in no case,in no time,at no time,in no way,on no account,on no consideration,under/in no circumstances,scarcely/hardly…when/before,no sooner…than,not,not until,not a bit,not only…but also,not once,no,nowhere,no more,no longer,in vain.)

 Never before that night had I felt the extent of my own power.

Never shall I forget the day.

Never in all my life had I felt so happy.

Not only does he like English,but also he learns it well.

Not only is she a nurse,but also she is a dancer.

Not only can she dance but also she can sing.

Not only did she win a gold,but also she broke the world record of women’s above 75-kg weight-lifting.

Not only…but also强调主语时不倒装。

Not only I but also my sister was invited.（谓语动词就近原则）

Not once did he speak to me.

Not once did the disabled succeed.

Under no circumstances may we use the telephone in office for personal affairs.

By no means shall I do such a thing.

By no means is stranslation easy.

Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(主句倒装而不是从句)

Not until (it was)eleven did he come back.

Not until the game had begun(过去的过去) did he arrive at the sports ground.

It is generally true to say that not until you have tried a leisure activity do you know if you are any good at it and enjoy it.

He slept till 9.延续性

He didn’t get up until 9.非延续性

Not until 用在强调句中不倒装,如：

It was not until eleven that he came back.

Little did I think I would win the game.

Little did he care about his own safety.

Not a single song did he sing at yesterday’s party.

Never once have they quarreled with each other.

On no account should any money be given to a small child.

In no country other than(除了)Britain,it had been said,can one experienced four seasons in the course of a single day.

No sooner had they reached home than it rained.

Hardly did the boy see me when he ran away.

(As soon as the boy saw me,he ran away.)

Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him.

(The nurse rushed to carry him as soon as the baby cried.)

当hardly,scarcely后面接的是any,ever,at all时，意义类似almost no/not/never无须倒装。

Hardly any people having been invited went there.

  3.”only+副词”,”only +副词短语或介词短语”,”only+状语从句”位于句首

Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.

Only by using high-tech research can China narrow the gap between China and the developed countries.

Only by working hard can we succeed.

Only in this way can you solve this problem.

Only under special circumstances are freshmen permitted.

to take make-up tests(补考).

Only then(after that/later)did he realize that he had done a good deed.

Only when one loses sth. does one know its value.

Only when the war was over did the young soldier return to his hometown.(主句倒从句不)

Only不修饰主语时不倒装

误：Only did Tom come.

正：Only Tome came.

  4.so…that…,such…that…引导的结果状语从句置句首。

   So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.他的要价如此之高，令每个人都瞠目结舌。

   So confused did he become that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.

   So difficult did I feel it to live in an English speaking country that I determined to learn English.

   So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.

误：So fast light travels that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

正：So fast does light travel that…

So important were the electrical inventions that(定从)Edison had given us,that we couldn’t live without them for a minute.

Such rapid progress did Marx made that before long he began to write articles in English for an American newpaper.

To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actor walked out.

 5.虚拟条件句中，省略if 时

   Were I you,I would not do it.

   Were I in your position,I would take the job.

   Were she to leave right now,she would get there on Sunday.

   Should he finish the work tomorrow,he would leave.

   Had you worked hard,you would have passed the exam.

   Had it not been for your help,we would not have achieved so much.

 6.often等具有肯定意义的表示时间频率的状语位于句首表强调（often,everyday,now and again,now and then,always,once,many a time.）

   Often did we warn them not to do so.

   Always did he come to help us when he worked here.

   Many a time has he helped me with my English.

三．其他

   1．某些由as,be等引导的让步状语从句中用倒装或前置。

     Everybody must obey the rule,be he a teacher or a student.

     Child as he is, he knows a lot.(表语前置)

     King as he was,….

     Cautious as the rest of her family(Was),she didn’t seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(表语前置)

     Young as he is,he is an expert.(Although he is…)

     Hard as he thought,he couldn’t find the way to solve the problem.

     Bravely though they fought,….

     Much as he likes her,he does get irritated with her sometimes.

     Exhausted as(though) he was,there was no hope.

     However cold it is,he always finds time to stay with me.

     However expensive it is/However much it costs

2.       表祝愿

Long live China!

May your country become stronger.

May you succeed.

May everything turn out as you wish.祝你万事如意。

   3．比较状语从句

     America consumed more energy than did our country.

     She worked hard as did others.

     Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than does …

2008-08-12 12:08

　　The Lion King

　　1. Everything you see exists together in a delicate balance. 世界上所有的生命都在微妙的平衡中生存。

　　2. I laugh in the face of danger. 越危险就越合我心意。

　　3. I’m only brave when I have to be. Being brave doesn’t mean you go looking for trouble. 我只是在必要的时候才会勇敢，勇敢并不代表你要到处闯祸。

　　4. When the world turns its back on you, you turn your back on the world. 如果这个世界对你不理不睬，你也可以这样对待它。

　　5. It’s like you are back from the dead. 好像你是死而复生似的。

　　6. You can’t change the past. 过去的事是不可以改变的。

　　7. Yes, the past can hurt. But I think you can either run from it or learn from it. 对，过去是痛楚的，但我认为你要么可以逃避，要么可以向它学习。

　　8. This is my kingdom. If I don’t fight for it, who will? 这是我的国土，我不为她而战斗，谁为呢?

　　9. Why should I believe you? Everything you ever told me was a lie. 我为何要相信你?你所说的一切都是谎话。

　　10. I’ll make it up to you, I promise. 我会补偿你的，我保证.